HYOSCINE

HYOSCINE

Brand Names : Scopolamine;6, 7-Epoxytropine tropate; Scopine tropate; Transderm-V

Hyoscine is an alkaloid obtained from various Solan-aceous plants especially Datura  , Scopolia carniolica. 2 Duboisia myoporoides and Hyoscyamus niger. It is isolated from the mother liquor remaining from the isolation of hyoscyamine.

 This is the tropyl ester of scopine, a base which is related to tropine but contains an epoxide ring.

he alkaloid is a viscous liquid, laevo-rotatory, slightly soluble in water; very soluble in alcohol, chloroform, acetone and ether m.p. 108.5°. It is hydrolyzed by acids or alkalies, decomposes on standing, and forms crystalline salts with most acids. The hydrobromide salt is most stable and the most popularly accepted.

Hyoscine hydrobromide, m.p. 152°, is efflorescent, odourless, colourless crystalline powder; soluble in water and alcohol, practically insoluble in chloroform and ether; stored in airtight containers and protected from light.

Uses: Hyoscine is an antimuscarinic agent. It is a more powerful suppressant of salivation than atropine. It is effective in the prevention and control of motion sickness and used to treat nausea, acute mania and delirium, peptic ulcer, in the eye for its cycloplegic and mydriatic actions, and to treat parkinsonism. .

Side Effect

Side effects of hyoscine and other antimuscarinic agents include dryness of mouth, thirst, dilation of the pupils, flushing and dryness of the skin, bradycardia, reduction of tone, constipation, etc. Sometimes vomiting, giddiness and staggering may occur. Toxic doses cause tachycardia, rapid respiration, hyperpyrexia and CNS stimulation.