PROPIONIC ACID

PROPIONIC ACID


Propionic acid occurs in sweat and dairy products in small amounts. It can be obtained from wood pulp waste liquor by a fermentation process using bacteria of the genus Propionibacterium. It is synthesized by oxidizing n-propyl alcohol or propaldehyde with acidified dichromate.

α-Substituted chloro- or bromo-acids are readily prepared from propionic acid by the Hell-Volhard method. The anhydrous acid is chlorinated or brominated in the presence of red phosphorus. The phosphorus trihalide first converts the acid into the acyl chloride or bromide, and this compound is readily halogenated in the o-position. Addition of cold water hydrolyzes the acyl halide.

Propionic acid is a clear, corrosive. oily liquid with slightly pungent, disagreeable, rancid odour; b.p. 122°. It can be salted out of water solutions by the additions of CaCl, or other salts. It is soluble in water, alcohol, ether and chloroform. It has fungicidal action and its salts have the same antifungal properties to that of the free acid. The free acid may be used to treat fungal infections like athlete's foot. It is nontoxic, nonirritant and readily available; stored in airtight containers.



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