ADRENALINE

Brand Names : Epinephrine; Adrenalin; Suprarenin; Suprarenalin; ho сн(он) CHNн Cн з Epirenamine; Levorenin.

Adrenaline is the active hormone . " produced by the adrenal medulla in most species; occurs as the form in animals and man. It may be obtained from the adrenal glands ofcertain mammals or may be prepared from catecholas .
The synthetic substance is the (+)-mixture. It is resolved by crystallization of the D-tartrate. The l-form of adrenaline has at least twelve times the biological activity of its d-form enantiomorph.

Adrenaline, m.p. 21 1-2129, is a white or creamy-white, odourless, crystalline powder. It darkens in colour on exposure to air and light. It is sparingly soluble in water; practically insoluble in alcohol, chloroform, ether, fixed and volatile oils. Adrenaline dissolves in solutions of mineral acids and in solutions of sodium or potassium hydroxides, but not in solutions of ammonia or the alkali carbonates. Solutions in water are alkaline to litmus. It is unstable in neutral or alkaline solution which readily becomes red on exposure to air. It is stored in airtight containers, preferably in which the air has been replaced by nitrogen and protected from light.

Uses
1.    Adrenaline is sympathomimetic , vasoconstrictor , cardiac stimulant and bronchodialator .

2.    It is used to counter allergic reactions , anaesthesia , cardiac arrest , to cure asthma , to cause a rise in blood pressure and to enhance the activity of local anaesthetics .

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