CYANOCOBALAMIN

CYANOCOBALAMIN

Brand Names : Cobamamide; Cobamamidum: Coenzyme B. DBC; Dibenzcozamide: Dimebenzcozamide; Vitamin B, coenzyme; Actimide; Ademide; Anabasi: Betarin; Calomide; Cobalion; Cobaltamin S; Cobanzyme; Cobazymase; Dolonevran: Enzicoba; heraclene; Hi-Fresmin; Hycobal; Indusil; Ripresil; Sabalamin; Xobaline.

Vitamin B12, is the name generally used for a group of related cobalt-containing compounds, also known as cobalamins, of which cyanocobalmine and hydroxycobalanin are the principal forms. This coenzyme is the metabolically active form of vitamin B. It is isolated from a culture of Propionibacterium shermanii. The co-enzyme differs from vitamin B, by the presence of a 5'- deoxyadenosyl group in the axial ligand occupied by the cyanide in the vitamin. Cyanocobalamin may occur as several vitamers Ba, B, b, Bc, Bd) which are designated as cobalamines.

The macro-ring system devoid of peripheral substituents and found invitamin B is named corrin, and its derivatives are corrinoids that contain central cobalt atom when found in nature. When the corrin ring contains the peripheral group, it is called cobyrinic acid.

Cyanocobalamin is a dark red crystalline or amorphous powder. In the anhydrous form it is very hygroscopic and when exposed to air it may absorb about 12% of water. It is soluble in water; sparingly soluble in alcohol; practically insoluble in acetone, chloroform and ether. It is highly sensitive to light, to cyanide and moderately sensitive to acid. Solutions are most stable at pH 6-7 stored in dark. Heating of acid or alkaline solutions produces slow inactivation. It is stored in airtight containers and protected from light.

Uses : Vitamin B12, is a hematopoietic vitamin which acts.as coenzymes in synthesis of nucleic acid, proteins, lipids and in other metabolic pathways. Its deficiency causes metabolic disorders, megaloblastic anaemias and neurological damage. Allergic hypersensitivity reactions have been observed by vitamin B12, therapy.