GENTAMICIN SULPHATE

GENTAMICIN SULPHATE



Brand Names : Alcomicin; Bristagen; Cidomycin; Garamycin; Garasol; Genoptic; Gentacin; Gentalline: Gentalyn; Gentibioptal; Genticin; Gentogram; Refobacin; Sulmycin; U-gencin.


Gentamicin sulphate occurs as a white to buff coloured, hygroscopic powder, m.p. 218-137. It is freely soluble in water; soluble in ethylene glycol and formamide; practically insoluble in alcohol, benzene, chloroform, and ether. It is stored in airtight containers.

Uses 

Gentamicin sulphate is used to treat septicaemia, including neonatal sepsis other severe systemic infections due to gram-negative organisms . It is also used in the treatment and prophylaxis of endocarditis due to streptococci, enterococci and sometimes staphylococci. It has been used for surgical infections prophylaxis, a variety of skin infections for which a topical cream or ointment may be used and in the treatment of burns complicated by pseudomonemia. Gentamicinsulphate injection may be used for serious systemic and genitourinary tract infections caused by gram-negative bacteria, particularly pseudomonas and proteus species. A bone cement impregnated with gentamicin is used in orthopaedic surgery.



ll aminoglycoside antibiotics can produce irreversible ototoxicity following systemic treatment. Vestibular damage is more common with gentamicin than hearing loss which is greatest in the high-tone range. Reversible nephrotoxicity may occur and acute renal failure has been reported. Aminoglycosides possess a neuromuscular blocking action and respiratory depression and muscular paralysis have been reported. Hypersensitivity reactions have occurred. For prolonged use of aminoglycosides, hypomagnesaemia, hypocalcaemia, and hypokalaemia have also occurred.






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