HYDROCORTSONE

HYDROCORTSONE


Brand Names: 17-Hydroxycorticosterone; Hydrocortisone free alcohol; Anti-inflammatory hormone; Ala-cort; Cleiton; Cremesone; Cobadex; Cort-Dome; Cortef: Cortifoam; Cortril: Dermacort; Dermolate; Dermolen; Dome-Cort; Escorbin; Efcorlin: EF-cortelan. Efcortelin; Eye-Cort; Epicort; Ficortril; Genacort (Lotion); Hidro-Colisona; HVB; Hydro-Adreson; Hydrocort: Hydrocortisyl; Hydrocortone; Incortin-H; Kendall's compound F; Lubricort; Meusicort; Maintasone; Reichstein's substance M: Scheroson F; Sigmacort; Texacort; Protocort; Rectoid.


Hydrocortisone is the major hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex; cortisone is converted in large amount into hydrocortisone in vivo. Hydrocortisone may be obtained from cortisone acetate by conversion to the 3,20- disemicarbazone, followed by reduction of the 11-keto group with simultaneous removal of the acetyl group in the presence of potassium borohydride in aqueous tetrahydrofuran. Semicarbazone groups are removed by treating the compound with nitrous acid.


Hydrocortisone is the main product when adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) is perfused through isolated beef adrenal glands or ACTH is administered in patients with hyperfunctioning adrenal cortical tumors or corticosterone is perfused through adrenal glands. Hydrocortisone, m.p. 217-220°, is a white, odourless, bitter-tasting crystalline powder. It is practically insoluble in water; slightly soluble in ether; soluble in acetone, alcohol and methanol; freely soluble in chloroform. It is soluble in concentrated sulphuric acid with intense green fluorescence. Its stability properties are identical to those of cortisone.

Hydrocortisone Acetate (Brand Names: Cortisol acetate; 17Hydroxycorticosterone 21-acetate; Cormol HC; Cortaid; Cortes; Epifoam; Hydrocortisat; Hydrocortone acetate; Lanacort; Litraderm; Pabracort; Biocortar). m.p. 223 (decomp), is an odourless, white, somewhat hygroscopic, tasteless, crystalline powder. It is practically insoluble in water; soluble in alcohol and chloroform; very soluble in dimethyl sulphoxide, pH of aqueous suspension in water is in between 5.5 to 7.5. It is soluble in concentrated sulphuric acid showing yellowishgreen fluorescence. It is kept in well-closed containers and ' protected from light.

Hydrocortisone 21-Sodium Succinate (Brand Names : Ahydro Cort; Solu-Cortef; Corlan; EF-Cortelan Soluble; Hyoorace; Buccallsone; Solu-Glyc; Intracort; Nordicort; Suxizon 300), m.p. 169-173°, is a white, odourless, hygroscopic, amorphous solid. It is very soluble in water and alcohol; very slightly soluble in acetone; practically insoluble in acetone. The ampuled dry material may bestored for an indefinite length of time. Solutions may be kept under refrigeration for 3 to 5 days. The compound is kept in airtight containers and protected from light.




Uses: Hydrocortisone is a glucocorticoid used in the treatment of all conditions of corticosteroid therapy. Although hydrocortisone is structurally related to cortisone, but there are quite significant difference in potencies.
The onset of hydrocortisone and improvement in cases of rheumatoid arthritis are rapid in comparison with cortisone acetate.

Side Effect

Adverse effects of hydrocortisone are the same as described for betamethasone.





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