HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS

HYPOGLYCEMIC  AGENTS




Insulin is a protein hormone which is secreted by the bcells of islets of Langerhans of pancreas. If there is a deficiency of insulin in the body, then a disease called diabetes mellitus occurs due to disturbance of carbohydrate, protein and lipid metabolism. The other diseases produced are hyperglycaemia (excessive sugar in the blood) and glucosuria (presence of sugar in urine). The main symptoms of diabetes are polydipsia (increased thirst), polyurea (increased urine), ketonaemia (presence of ketones in blood) and ketourea (presence of ketones in urea). Hypoglycaemic agents are used to lower the blood sugar and to treat diabetes mellitus.





nsulin and insulin preparations, sulphonylureas (e.g. tolbutamide, chlorpropamide, tolazamide, acetohexamide) biguanides and phenformin are used as hypoglycaemic agents.






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