NICOTINAMIDE

NICOTINAMIDE



Brand Names : Niacinamide; Nicotinic acid amide; Nicotyl S. amide; Vitamin PP. Nicamindon; Nicotilamide; Pelonin amide; Benicol; Aminicotin; Vi-Nicotyl Dipegyl; Amide PP; Nicofort; Niozymin; Pelmine



Nicotinamide is a white crystalline powder, odourless or with a faint characteristic odour. 


It is soluble in water and alcohol; slightly soluble in chloroform and ether; stored in airtight containers and protected from light.




Uses : Nicotinic acid and nicotinamide are coenzymes involved in electron transfer reactions in the respiratory chain. Its deficiency leads to the development of pellagra which is characterized by skin lesions with hyperpigmentation and hyperkeratinisation. Other symptoms include diarrhoea, abdominal pain, glossitis, stomatitis, loss of appetite, headache, lethargy and mental and neurological disturbances. Nicotinic acid and nicotinamide are used in the treatment and prevention of nicotinic acid deficiency.


Adverse Effect.


Adverse effects with high doses of nicotinic acid include dryness of the skin, pruritus, hyperpigmentation, abdominal cramps, diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, peptic ulcer, amblyopia, jaundice, decrease in glucose tolerance, hyperglycaemia, and hyperuricaemia.


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